MIS Role in Non-Government Organisations
Every person in the organization
is a user of Management Information System. MIS works at all levels of
hierarchy. MIS is one which fulfills the requirement of the management.
information is an action concept. It is one of the essential ingredients of all
organizations to take a right decisions at right time and for the conducting
of activities of the organization. The
concept of MIS is a systematic and scientific approach to compile internal and
external data into an integrated and effective information. The three
components of MIS are Management – Information - System.
Management
Management
which is a universal, life-giving force in all organizations is mainly based on
effective decision-making. For taking effective, rational decisions, reliable
information is essential which is procured through a logical and
well-structured method, widely known as MIS. It is an essential part of any
group activity. An organization cannot survive without management. It is the
management which makes people realize the objectives of the organization and
directs the efforts towards their achievement. Management requires complete
information relating to a problem or issue in right time in order to make
effective decisions. The proper collection, handling and providing the right
information to the right manager in right time not only reduce the risk of
wrong decisions but also work as an effective controlling technique.
Complexities involved in business and economic activities and government
regulations create the need for supply of right information to the right
organizer in the right time. Management
is the process of planning, organizing, staffing, and controlling the efforts
of organization members in utilizing all resources to achieve organizational
goals, objectives and MIS. Management is a process as its operates the
activities systematically.
Information
Information is the nervous system of an
organization. Communicating knowledge about any issue of life is called
information. Updated information is inviteable to arrive at an effective
decision making in all walks of life. Information is needed every where whether it is an NGO’s, an
industry, commercial organization, Banking, Educational institution, political
system, and what not. It is transportable from one end to another, and can be
made to travel through network systems. The organization first task is getting
the right information in the right form at the right place at the right time.
It is a powerful tool available to every organization to deal with the data
explosion and information needs right infront of it. Information occupies very important position
in the survival of the organization. Information is needed to plan, organize,
direct, and control the organization. The terms information and data are
frequently used interchangeably currently being used in a decision process. Information system is
considered has a valuable resource
required by the management to run the activities of the organization.
Communication
& Information: Transfer of information from one end to another
end in simple language is called communication. Therefore, every communication process is containing
information. Information has come to occupy a very important position in
the survival of any organization.
System
A System has
interrelated and interdependent parts.
It is a well organized collection of men and material and the techniques to
achieve a set of specific functions. In an information system data is input,
which is processes to convert into
information. The system works on the input - process – output and they are
called system parameters.
Non Government Organisations
(NGO’s) which by their nomenclature do not appear part of any government policy
or programme, are actually supported and promoted by governments. These are
registered bodies and are allowed to function under certain rules and
regulations. These are given support by various governments especially to take
up the issues which according to governments are of prime concern for the
society to develop but where governments, due to variety of reasons, have
failed to develop appropriate systems to tackle and handle. Due to their active
involvement in the areas where government initiative are lacking or not appropriate
or limited, many NGO’s have got credential position among their clientele, most
of them poor and deprived.
NGO’s are engaged in the issues
related to women and child development, environment protection, social uplift
of the underprivileged classes, community development, health and medical aid
programmes, community infrastructure development, removal of illiteracy,
organizing people for self-development, self-reliance and self-sufficiency
etc. As such the target groups of NGO’s
are also very vast and include poor, scheduled caste, and scheduled tribes,
women and child, school dropouts, persons in need of medical aid, aged people,
societies facing problems due to environmental degradation and lack of
infrastructure, people having lesser means to take up economic activity etc.
NGO’s work in close proximity with their target groups and hence have a
distinctive advantage over other development
agencies in the sense that on being successful in building the faith at
initial stages, they enjoy and carry out further their projects / programmes
smoothly. Successful NGO’s gain stronger supporters, and have emerged very
instrumental in community development.
NGO’s due to their name do not
appear part of any government programme and policy. However, the fact lies on
the other side of the river. In fact NGO’s are very much supported and promoted
by governments with the objective to take up such development issues where
government is lacking ; and moreover to target the group that gets
neglected under developmental programmes
despite sincere attempts by government machinery. Thus, the work and the field
given to NGO’s itself is very rough, and requires lot of information, hard work and suitable approaches.
MIS is an inter disciplinary in nature.
It has borrowed its concepts from large
number of disciplines like accounting, computers, organizations, management,
operational research, behaviour science etc. It is neither termed as pure
Science nor an Art. An information system is a logical system. MIS is a
confluence of different areas of knowledge.
Doing is difficult then saying. Saying depends greatly on the knowledge,
and need comparatively lesser physical energy where as doing require extensive
physical labour approach and determination apart from the strategic application
of knowledge and experience. NGO’s require deep thinking extensive involvement
and sincere attempts for achievement of the goals. NGO’s require lot of information
for better planning and implementation to achieve their goals. Now a days NGO’s have not only grown in size
but has also developed infrastructures for research, training, and
demonstration suitable for community
development. NGO’s have also achieved quality skills, in specialized field of
primary education, health related issues, empowerment of women, micro
financing, etc. for doing this the NGO’s required lot of right information to
take right action at the right time and for better management and
decision-making.
NGO
employ professional workers who
are socially committed to do the work selflessly and strategically. Majority of
the field workers are youth and in a country like ours where there is
population explosion the NGO’s should have a healthy recruitment and employment
policy. They should implement their programmes with a pre-planned schedule by
the support of the information system. They should see that the needs of the
target groups are achieved. NGO’s must
get proper and sufficient information using latest electronic media, network
system, etc. to deal with the different problems of the community and getting cooperation
from the government. They should also get information regarding their
achievements in community development to take further action in right and
proper direction. MIS is very much helpful and it is the need of the hour to
achieve the targets of NGO’s.
References
1). D.P.Goyal (2001). Management
Information System. Macmillan India Ltd, Delhi.
2). L.M.Prasad and Usha Prasad
(2004). Management Information and Control Systems. Sultan Chand &
Sons, New Delhi.
3). Pankaj Naithani (2001). NGO’s
and Rural Development. Kurukshetra Journal, September 2001, (P.36) Vol.49,
No:12.
4). W.S. Jawadekar(2002). Management
Information System, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi.
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